1. Core Terminology

• Chinese: LNG低温拉断阀 / 液化天然气紧急脱离装置

• English: LNG Emergency Release Coupling (ERC) (industry-preferred term) or LNG Breakaway Coupling

2. Primary Function

A critical safety device installed on LNG transfer systems (e.g., loading arms or hoses). It automatically or passively disconnects instantly during emergencies (e.g., ship drift, truck movement, fire), sealing both ends to prevent LNG leakage and avoid catastrophic incidents.

3. Key Technical Requirements (Why "Cryogenic"?)

Designed for LNG’s -162°C boiling point:

• Cryogenic Materials: Metals (e.g., stainless steel 316L) must resist low-temperature brittleness.

• Specialized Seals: Sealing elements (e.g., PTFE, specialized metals) must maintain elasticity and integrity at ultra-low temperatures.

• Thermal Insulation: Often integrated with vacuum-insulated pipes ("cold boxes") to prevent icing and ensure operational reliability.

4. Working Principle

Dual triggering mechanisms:

1. Mechanical Passive Breakaway: Disconnects when excessive force or bending moment is applied.

2. Emergency Manual Activation: Operators can remotely trigger disconnection via a pull-cable system from a safe distance.

5. Key Applications

• LNG Import Terminals: Mounted on loading arms connecting LNG carriers to shore pipelines.

• LNG Tanker Truck Loading Stations: Used at connections between fixed pipelines and mobile tankers.

6. International Standards

Compliance with strict global standards:

• OCIMF (Oil Companies International Marine Forum) guidelines for marine loading arms.

• ISO 28460 (LNG ship-to-shore transfer requirements).

• SIGTTO (Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators) recommendations.